Orlistat

Overview:

Orlistat is an anti-obesity medication. It acts as a lipase inhibitor, preventing fat absorption from the human diet and thereby lowering caloric intake. Orlistat’s ability to help people lose weight is undeniable yet limited. Orlistat also appears to prevent type 2 diabetes by lowering blood pressure. Obesity is becoming more common over the world. Obesity-related issues cause significant personal and financial hardship by lowering quality of life and raising healthcare costs. Diet and exercise alone are insufficient for some people to maintain weight loss, and pharmaceutical or surgical intervention is required.

 

Primary Characteristics:

This chemical belongs to the leucine and derivatives class of organic chemicals. These are compounds containing leucine or a derivative thereof obtained by reacting leucine with an amino or carboxyl group, or by replacing any hydrogen in glycine with a heteroatom.

 

Pharmacology:

Orlistat inhibits the absorption of dietary fats by blocking lipase enzymes, which assists with weight loss and maintenance.

 

Pharmacokinetics:           

• Absorption: Orlistat is absorbed mostly through its local impact in the gut, with very little systemic exposure.
• Distribution: The vast bulk of the medication (greater than 99 percent) is bound to plasma proteins (lipoproteins and albumin are the major binding proteins).
• Metabolism: Orlistat metabolism takes place largely within the gut wall.
• Elimination: 95-97 percent of the drug is not absorbed and is eliminated in the stool.

 

 

Contraindications:

Contraindications to orlistat include the following conditions:

• Hypersensitivity to orlistat or its constituents
• Chronic malabsorption
• Cholestasis
• Anorexia and bulimia
• Pregnancy
• Severe renal impairment

Mechanism of Action:

Orlistat works by blocking lipases, which are enzymes in the intestine that break down lipids. Triglycerides from the diet are not hydrolyzed into absorbable free fatty acids when lipase activity is inhibited, and instead are excreted unchanged. Orlistat prevents approximately 30% of dietary fat from being absorbed when taken at the standard prescription dose of 120 mg three times daily, before meals. Higher doses have the same effect as lower doses. The parasite Trypanosoma brucei may also be affected by orlistat. Orlistat prevents approximately 30% of dietary fat from being absorbed when taken in the standard prescription dose of 120 mg three times daily, before meals.  Higher doses have the same effect as lower doses.

Side Effects:

Changes in gastrointestinal function are frequently caused by unabsorbed fat. Fatty/oily stool, intestinal gas with discharge, excessive bowel motions, or poor bowel control are all possible symptoms. This medicine seldom causes a severe allergic reaction. If any of these rare but serious adverse effects occur, stop taking this medication and contact your doctor straight once.

If you experience symptoms of liver illness (such as persistent nausea/vomiting, severe stomach/abdominal pain, dark urine, yellowing eyes/skin), or kidney stones (such as back discomfort, pain while urinating, pink/bloody urine), you should stop using this drug. Although a severe allergic reaction to this medication is uncommon, it should be treated seriously. Contact your doctor or pharmacist if you experience any other negative effects. This isn’t an exhaustive list of potential adverse effects.

Precautions:

Inactive chemicals in Orlistat can induce allergic responses and other complications. This drug should not be taken when pregnant. If you have diabetes, losing weight may help you control your blood sugar levels. A pregnant woman’s weight loss has no possible benefits and may harm her unborn child.

Warnings:

Orlistat is merely one component of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes food, exercise, and weight management. Keep a close eye on your nutrition, medicine, and exercise routines. Avoid eating a high-fat diet. When you take orlistat with a high-fat meal, you run the chance of having unpleasant stomach or intestine side effects. Your daily fat, protein, and carbohydrate intake should be evenly distributed across all of your meals.

 

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